prepares the speaker to answer an occasional critical question. When you research your topic, keep in mind that all speeches  must  receive,  at  minimum,  a  command security  and  policy  review.  The  review  procedures  will vary from command to command and normally involve a “chop” of the text by the PAO, XO and CO. Speeches made by senior Navy officials must receive a security and  policy  review  by  the  ASD(PA). ASSESSING  THE  OCCASION You should thoroughly check the physical setup in  which  the  speech  will  be  delivered.  What  is  the reason  for  the  talk?  Is  it  a  commemoration  of  a national  holiday?  Can  you  use  a  pertinent  opening to  take  advantage  of  a  specific  event?  Who  will speak  before  your  presentation  is  scheduled?  Will the   talk   be   delivered   before   or   after   a   meal? Answers  to  these  questions  can  greatly  influence audience  interest  in  a  speech  and  should  not  be taken lightly. ASSESSING THE LOCATION A  final  speech  preparation  step  is  thoroughly checking the physical setup in which the speech will be delivered.  Will  a  public  address  system  be  necessary? Is  there  ample  lighting?  Are  there  facilities  for  visual aids? Are there enough seats? Solving such potential problems is a vital part of preparing for a successful speech. SPEECH CLASSIFICATIONS Learning  Objective:  Differentiate  between  each  speech classification. Each time a speaker faces a group of people, he must have a purpose in mind. This purpose is directly related to  the  response  the  speaker  wants  from  his  audience. Speeches  are  classified  into  several  different  types according to their general purposes and the desired audience  response.  The  different  types  of  speeches  are discussed in the following text. SPEECHES  TO  SECURE  GOODWILL The  goodwill  speech  is  the  backbone  of  public affairs work and it is a valuable tool for gaining public support.  The  opportunity  to  present  a  goodwill  speech usually  occurs  when  a  club  or  group  asks  a  Navy representative to tell them about the command or its activities. Many goodwill speeches are made in foreign as well as stateside ports of call by senior officers. The  following  are  the  three  basic  approaches  used to   develop   a   goodwill   speech:   (1)   historic,   (2) organization  and  operation  and  (3) service  to  the community.  These  approaches  are  discussed  in  the following  text.  Also,  a  list  of  development  suggestions for  these  approaches  is  presented. Historic A  goodwill  speech  highlights  significant  events  in your  command’s  history.  These  may  include humanitarian  accomplishments  (various  military  work in disaster relief), examples illustrating the reliability of the command (how it responded to a call during war) or incidents stressing the importance of the unit to the community, such as historical events that illustrate how the command has played an important role in the growth of the community. Organization and Operation The   speaker   may   explain   the   mission, organization   or   operations   of   your   command.   In this   case,   you   may   want   to   emphasize,   without being  obvious,  how  you  do  your  job.  You  can  do this  by  stressing  the  size  of  the  organization,  the magnitude  of  the  job,  the  effort  required  and  the efficiency  of  the  organization  in  performing  its tasks.   Procedures   or   methods   borrowed   from civilian  industry  should  be  noted  and  credited. Techniques  used  by  your  command  that  audience members   might   apply   in   their   own   business activities  should  also  be  singled  out. Service to the Community You  may  also  develop  the  goodwill  speech  to emphasize  exactly  what  your  unit  or  activity  does for  the  community.  You  may  choose  to  emphasize how  your  unit  protects  the  community’s  property and  way  of  life.  While  emphasis  on  the  part  your unit plays in national defense can be effective, it is usually better to relate directly to the needs of the local  audience. Goodwill  Speech  Suggestions a 6-2 When you develop any of these approaches or help member   of   your   speakers   bureau   prepare   a