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Length - Continued
Electronic Characteristics

Journalist 3 & 2 - Introduction to Journalism and other reporting practices
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CHAPTER  14 TELEVISION Television  is  the  offspring  of  three  media  —  the theater, film and radio. In a relatively short period (about 45   years),   television   has   progressed   from   a   mere novelty, to arguably, the most powerful information and entertainment medium. The  technological  advancements  of  television  in this   short   time   frame   are   quite   remarkable.   Color television   sets   virtually   replaced   black-and-white models, cable television eliminated the need for viewers to tune in broadcast channels with “rabbit ear” antennas, and  videotape,  videotape  machines  and  character generators (CGs) signaled the end of 16mm television film   and   cumbersome   production   equipment   and methods. The  military  services  recognized  the  potential  of this  new  form  of  communication  and  started  Armed Forces Television at Limestone Air Force Base, Maine, in   1953.   The   success   of   this   experimental   station convinced   DoD   officials   that   overseas   television stations were feasible. One year later, the DoD officially recognized the television mission and combined it with Armed Forces Radio to form the Armed Forces Radio and  Television  Service  (AFRTS).  In  1976,  the  CNO established  the  Navy  Broadcasting  Service  (NBS)  to manage AFRTS outlets within the DON. Most  likely,  your  initial  television  broadcasting experience will be with an NBS detachment overseas or aboard a ship equipped with a Shipboard Information, Training  and  Entertainment  (SITE)  system.  For  these reasons, you are responsible for knowing the basics of this fascinating but demanding medium. HOW TELEVISION WORKS LEARNING  OBJECTIVE:  Identify  how  the television medium works. Television  is  the  process  of  converting  reflected light rays from a subject or scene into electrical impulses and reproducing these impulses at a distant receiver. The television camera picks up reflections of light from the scene, while the microphone picks up sound. The camera changes the light reflections into electrical impulses, and at the same time, the microphone changes the sound into electrical impulses. These impulses are sent to the transmitter or are recorded on videotape. To  be  viewed,  the  signal  from  the  transmitter  is received  by  the  viewer’s  television  set,  or  the  recording is played back — either to the transmitter or directly to a receiver. At the receiver, the picture and sound signals are isolated and sent through separate picture and sound circuits. Electronic components within your television set change these signals back to video on the cathode-ray picture tube and audio on the television speaker. THE TELEVISION CAMERA LEARNING OBJECTIVE: Recognize the basic operation, electronic characteristics and main types of  television   cameras. The television camera is the heart of the television system. It records the varying amounts of light reflected from objects in the televised scene. This amount of light varies according to the lighting, color or shade of the object. Figure 14-1 shows a banner with the word  NAVY printed  in  black  on  a  white  background.  The  border Figure  14-1.—The  various  amounts  of  light  seen  by  the  television  camera. 14-1







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