Figure 1-38.Variable focal-length (zoom) lens

Figure 1-37.Out-of-focus highlights caused by a mirror lens

Photography (Basic) - Introduction to photography and other graphic techniques
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Figure 1-38.–Variable focal-length (zoom) lens. variable focal length from about 35mm to 70mm. They are usually small and lightweight. They are designed to be used instead of a normal focal-length lens, not to replace a range of focal length lenses. Long-range zoom lenses start at about 35mm and include the popular 100mm or 105mm focal lengths. They can take the place of four, fixed focal-length lenses: the 35mm, 50mm, 85mm, and 105mm. Telephoto-range zoom lenses have focal lengths that range from about 50mm to 135mm, 90mm to 23Omm, 75mm to 150mm, and even 135mm to 600mm. The most popular telephoto zoom is from about 80mm to 200mm. Now you have some basic knowledge of the way light reacts when striking various objects. You also know how it forms an image through a lens. With practice, you will be able to apply these principles in photographic practices. By using various focal-length lenses and aperture settings, you can control image size and depth of field as well as the apparent perspective of your photographs. In the next chapter, light-sensitive materials are discussed. This will enable you to record permanent images. 1-37

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