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Camera Types
Medium-Format Cameras

Photography (Basic) - Introduction to photography and other graphic techniques
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Figure 4-4.–Design of a typical SLR camera. produce negatives that range in size from 35mm to 8x10 inches. You will learn to choose the camera that best meets  the  conditions  of  your  assignment  and  the customer's photographic requirements. The number and types of cameras available at an imaging  facility  depend  primarily  on  the  mission  of  the facility. All cameras have common features. Once you become familiar with the operation of one camera, you can learn quickly to operate other types. There are three general  categories  of  cameras:  small  format,  medium format,  and  large  format. is  reflected  to  a  viewing  screen  for  focusing  and composition. This allows you to see what the lens sees regardless  of  the  lens  focal  length  or  the  lens-to-subject distance. The reflex system is simple and reliable. It has three main elements: a hinged mirror, a matte focusing screen, and a five-sided glass prism called a pentaprism The mirror, in the viewing position, is below the viewing screen and behind the lens. It is at a 45-degree angle and projects the image formed by the lens up to the focusing or viewing screen. The pentaprism reflects the image from the focusing screen, so you can see it in the camera eyepiece. Figure 4-4 shows the design of a typical SLR camera. SMALL-FORMAT CAMERAS Cameras  that  produce  negatives  smaller  than  35mm are  considered  small-format  cameras.  Small-format cameras are preferable when you need maximum freedom of movement and a large number of negatives without reloading the camera. The accessories, lenses, and  flash  equipment  can  be  carried  easily,  and commonly  36  frames  may  be  taken  rapidly  without reloading the film. This type of camera is helpful for news and action photography where several pictures must be taken in a short time from various ranges and under   varying   light   conditions.   The   primary disadvantage of small-format cameras is they produce small negatives. The smaller the negative, the more it must  be  enlarged  in  printing. When the shutter release is pressed, the mirror swings up and out of the light path, so the light can reach the film. It also seals off the viewfinder, so light entering the eyepiece cannot reach the film. After the film is exposed, the mirror swings back down, and the image is visible again in the viewfinder. CAUTION The reflex mirror is thin glass coated on the front with silver, so care must be taken not to damage it by touching or scratching it. Follow only  the  procedures  listed  in  the  Planned Maintenance  System  (PMS)  for  cleaning camera mirrors. The  most  popular  professional  small-format  camera Almost  all  35mm  cameras  have  focal-plane is the 35mm single-lens reflex (SLR). This camera has shutters. Focal-plane shutters simplify the construction a mirror in the path of the image formed by the lens that of  the  camera  and  make  interchangeable  lenses  smaller, 4-3







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