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Color Temperature - 14209_310
Making Color Prints

Photography (Basic) - Introduction to photography and other graphic techniques
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PH2 Myer III 302.260 Figure 12-3.–Bessler Model 45A color enlarger. filters either above the negative (CP filters) or below the lens (CC filters) to control the color quality of the exposing  light. Bessler color enlargers (fig. 12-3) are used in many Navy imaging facilities. The Bessler Model 45A uses pulsed-xenon tubes to expose the color printing paper. The xenon tubes are mounted at the top of the head of the enlarger above red, green, and blue filters. The amount of red, green, and blue light is controlled by the number of flashes through each color filter. By adjusting the number or length of time that the filtered-light sources flash, you can correct the color balance of the print.  The  color  head  of  the  enlarger  is  normally programmed to a color analyzer that is used to provide acceptable  color  prints. PRINTING COLOR NEGATIVES For many years color printing was difficult to achieve;  however,  through  technical  advances  in light-sensitive  materials,  chemicals,  and  printing equipment, color printing is as flexible and practical as black-and-white printing. The primary interest to you, as  a  Navy  Photographer's  Mate,  is  to  produce  color prints with an acceptable color reproduction of the original  scene. Good color prints are not difficult to make. Anyone who has normal color vision and can apply the principles of color theory can quickly learn to make good color prints. NEGATIVE  TO  POSITIVE  PROCESS Like  all  negative  materials,  the  images  recorded  on color negative films are completely reversed from the original  scene  as  follows: Darker hues are recorded as lighter hues; Red is recorded as cyan; Green  is  recorded  as  magenta;  and Blue is recorded as yellow. To record the image as it appeared in the original scene, you must print the color negative onto a second tripack  material-the  color  printing  paper.  If  you  need  to refresh your memory on the characteristics of color printing paper, refer to chapter 2. The theory of color printing is simple when you think through the stages of color reproduction. Since the colors  reproduced  in  the  color  negative  are complementary to the original subject colors, a red car is cyan in the negative. Cyan is a combination of blue and green; therefore, the two emulsion layers in the paper that are sensitive to blue and green are affected when  the  negative  is  printed.  Then  during  print processing, yellow dye forms in the exposed portion of the blue sensitive layer of the paper, and magenta dye forms in the exposed portion of the green sensitive layer of the paper. Yellow and magenta in combination produce red; therefore, the red car is reproduced in its original color. All the other colors form in the same way. CUSTOM COLOR PRINTING In   black-and-white   printing,   the   controlling variables are primarily density and contrast. In color printing, the variables include density and the color of individual objects in the scene as well as the overall color balance of the print. The mood of a color print can be changed by altering the color balance. A winter landscape may be printed on the blue side to intensify 12-5







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