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Figure  11-1.The  photographic  process.

Journalist 3 & 2 - Introduction to Journalism and other reporting practices
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CHAPTER  11 BASIC  PHOTOGRAPHY How  much  does  a  Navy  journalist  need  to  know about   photography?   Some   JOs   are   expert photographers,  while  others  resort  to  asking  imaging facility   personnel   for   photographic   coverage   of   an event. The  fact  remains  that  you  will  be  tested  on  your knowledge  of  photography.  At  some  point  in  your career,  your  supervisor  will  expect  you  to  know  the fundamentals  of  photography,  to  take  news  photographs with  good  composition,  to  use  standard  Navy  darkroom equipment  to  process  exposed  film  and  to  produce contact and projection prints. If you can do these things already, you have a very important trait needed in the JO rating —  versatility However,  if  photography  is  not  your  strong  suit,  pay particular attention to the information in this chapter and the one that follows (“Basic Photojournalism,” Chapter 12). Also, there is nothing like hands-on experience. Ask a senior JO for some on-the-job training or contact the nearest Navy imaging facility for instruction. NOTE:  This  chapter  is  intended  to  aquaint  you with   the   basic   concepts   of   photography.   For   more detailed information, consult the  Photography  (Basic) and Photography (Advanced)  TRAMANS. THE  PHOTOGRAPHIC  PROCESS LEARNING   OBJECTIVE:   Identify   the   basic process of photography. The basic equipment required for the photographic process, as shown in figure 11-1, includes the following components: A subject Alight  source A camera Photographic film Chemicals for processing film A  printing  device Photographic paper .  Chemicals  for  processing  paper SUBJECT The subject can be anything. If it can be seen, it can be photographed. Just as there must be light to form an image, there must be a subject from which to form the image. FILM Film, as defined in this chapter, is a light-sensitive emulsion  of  silver  halides  suspended  in  gelatin  and coated  on  a  transparent  and  chemically  neutral  base, usually cellulose or polymer plastic. The choice of film type   is   determined   by   the   size   and   the   sensitivity required by both the camera and the nature of the light to be used. During the exposure, silver halide crystals in the emulsion undergo anionic change forming a latent image that can then be reduced to a visible and usable image through a complex chemical process. CAMERA The camera is essentially a lighttight box with an optical system at one end and an image support at the other. Additions to the basic camera have been made to improve  focusing  the  image,  viewing,  controlling  the amount  and  duration  of  light  entering  the  box,  film changing  or  rolling  and  range  and  exposure  calculators. While  these  improvements  are  valuable,  they  are  not absolutely  essential  to  the  photographic  process.  A picture can be made with a coffee can if it has a pinhole atone end and a support for film at the other. FILM  PROCESSING The processing of film to convert the latent image into a stable, visible image for use in printing requires you to carry out the following four basic steps: Developing or converting exposed silver halides to metallic silver — the black or dark portions of the visible image Fixing or changing the silver halides unaffected by the developing to soluble salts 11-1







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